The Conflict Between Syrian And Foreign Policy - 2325 Words

Given the high level of foreign interest in Syria, it is a fact that the conflict cannot be resolved without the involvement of both opposing Syrian parties and their foreign backers. This refugee disaster has only become more complicated with the involvement of these foreign nations. As well, the ordeal has exponentially worsened with the rise of jihadist organizations like ISIS. These groups seek to eliminate all other opposition forces as well as the Syrian state itself, in an effort to claim all of the leftover territory. Scarcity in weapons and funds in Syria are also leading to additional struggle. From the beginning of the Syrian war, regional and international powers have intervened in the conflict through direct support. Many argue that if Syria had been a major ally of Western countries, or even of Russia, this war would have been stopped years ago. As it is now, Syria is caught in-between two major power blocs, and the government under Assad has gradually become an issue t hat these two nations believe should be dealt with. But how? From the perspective of rational choice theorists, their model assumes that states and their leaders make choices that they believe will lead to the best possible outcomes for them in terms of their individual goals. The interests of these parties include enhancing the state in various manners; such as a stronger government, more economic power, proliferation of a military, and so on. Decision makers under the rational actor model seekShow MoreRelatedEssay about American Foreign Policy in Syria1237 Words   |  5 Pagesin the Syrian conflict, and whether this intervention should be military or strategic. The U.S. has recently avoided interfering militarily in Syria or providing the rebels with direct support, but admitted the presence of the Syrian opposition. 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Technology Education And Its Impact On Teaching And Learning

Jane Healy presented a strong argument encouraging others to pay attention to technology in schools and its impact on teaching and learning. She stated that her ideas about technology have changed over the years to now becoming a â€Å"cautious critic.† She argues passionately that technology will not solve our educational systems issues, cautions against the capitalistic consumerism of purchasing products, the pros and cons of computer use, and whether or not technology provides better support in the classroom rather than a strong teacher. Healy takes a strong position that the increase in technology has not necessarily changed the delivery of instruction. She demonstrated a curiosity regarding if technology was simply substituting past practices rather than providing a redefinition of task and purpose. This leads itself to inquiring whether technology has enhanced the constructivist movement. Rather than the teachers dictating the learning, students are now driving the learning. Healy still insisted that the teacher’s role is still an important part of the educational process. She made it clear that technology is not meant to take over the teacher’s role, and that students will benefit equally, if not greater, by simply having a strong, intellectual teacher in the classroom. Regardless of learning task, it is the responsibility of the educator to define the learning rather than a software program. Education has become a big business regarding product consumption.Show MoreRelatedThe Concept Of E Learning Inclusion Into An Education Essay1555 Words   |  7 PagesThe Concept of e-learning inclusion into an education begins with the teacher and the manner in which they teach. A simple explanation of the view is that the teacher is the final authority and source of knowledge.The problem for many teachers is transition of teaching in manner than accommodate the use of technology. 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Evidence Based Practice in Health Service Management

Question: Case Study: Evidence based practice in health service management. Answer: In this study patient fall in the hospital is identified as the evidence. Based on the evidences available, it was decided to implement patient fall prevention strategy in a 100 bed hospital. There are lots of literatures available for, the evidence of fall, reasons of fall, its consequences and strategies to prevent the fall in hospitals. On an average the rate of fall in hospitals is between 3 10 per 1000 patients. Out of total fall patients, injury was reported in 30 50 % patients and 1- 2% patients experience hip fractures. This fall percentage of the patient is during different activities and at different positions. At the time of ambulation 19 %, when coming out of the bed 11 %, while sitting and standing 9 %, and while using toilet 4 % fall of the patients occur. Fall percentage also varies from place to place. In patient room 80 %, patient bathroom 11% and 10 % fall occur in the treatment room (Hitcho et al, 2004; Krauss et al, 2007). More falls in patient happen between 65 -85 yrs. of age and it increases with age. Fall percentage is more in the woman than the male. Falls is a very common community health problem worldwide, specifically in the elder patients. There are numerous reasons for the fall of the patient. These reasons for the fall are due to physical, physiological and psychological condition of the patient. Reasons responsible for the fall of the patient may be external or internal. Internal reasons include disturbance in balance and gait, different types of medications with improper consultation, visual impairment with loss of visual motor coordination, memory problems and cardiovascular problems mainly hypotension. External reasons include inadequate light, improper stairs, floors with slippery nature, unsuitable clothing and shoes and deficient in walking sticks, grab bars and hanging straps. Fall at one time may lead to consequences for a long time in terms of injury or fear of fall lead to less movement which results in functional loss and more risk of fall (Kannus et al, 2005; Evans et al, 2001). Moreover, there is evidence and the results of the studies available for less occurrence of fall, prevention of injury due to the fall, improvement in the patient condition due to implementation of fall prevention strategy in the hospitals. Also use of fall evidence to implement in practice already gave an idea of effective management of fall of patients. For implementation of patient fall strategy all the parameters are well established in different studies. These parameters include screening of patients for risk of fall, intervention for fall and injury prevention. These parameters are applied in this case to implement patient fall prevention strategy in the 100 bed hospital. Stakeholders involved: Stakeholders involved in this process includes patient, family members, clinicians, nurses, ward boy, pharmacist and other healthcare staff. Other than those mentioned directly involved stakeholders in falls prevention, other stakeholders are top management of the hospital, external consultant to implement the strategy, administrative officer and financial officer of the hospital (Tzeng Yin, 2008). Critical analysis: In general, patient fall is the neglected subject in the hospitals. This topic is neglected because most of the hospitals didnt report fall cases anywhere due to safeguard reason. When a patient is admitted to the hospital, most of the attention is used to give to the primary condition of the patient. Both family members and healthcare staff concerned about the primary condition of the patient. However, this fall and its subsequent consequences can be very serious and harmful to the patient. This fall can be prevented by the minimal efforts from the family members and healthcare staff. Consequences from this fall are alarming and disturbing the work of every stakeholder of the patient care. This patient fall leads to extra stress on everybody. Moreover, problem of this issue can be taken care very comfortably by taking extra care. Implementation of fall prevention strategy is also a value addition to the hospital, because this implementation fall strategy upgrades the value of hospit al both in terms of economic and social terms. Recently, lots of studies have supported the importance of this fall condition in the elderly patients. There is lots of literature available containing causes, effects, consequences and prevention strategies for the fall of the patient (Oliver, Healey, Haines, 2010). Reasons for change: Fall of the elderly patient in the hospital is more serious and dangerous than original or primary health condition of the patient. So it is very much required to change strategy to reduce, these fall events in the hospital. These fall events complicate the treatment strategy for the primary health condition. There is a double burden on the patient, family members and health care staff. This fall leads to the increase in the sufferings for the patient and there is both physical and mental downfall of the patient. There may be possibility of patients not responding to the treatment of the primary condition due to fear of falling again, pain due to injury and loss of confidence. By keeping in mind overall wellbeing of the patient and family members, it is very much required to change the strategy of the hospital to prevent the fall of the patient. Moreover, there is the possibility of serious nature of injury to the patient and it remains for a long time, which can disturb day to day a ctivities of the patient. For this long term injury or disability, patient and family requires more amount of money. It also includes more stay in the hospital that increase burden on the patient mentally and it costs more. Also it has been proved that, if a patient falls 2 or 3 times, there is possibility of falling again and again. Falls prevention programmes have been successfully implemented in few hospitals. Looking at all the above issues, it is very much required to change the strategy in the hospital to prevent the fall of the patient (Inouye, Brown, Tinetti, 2009). Driving forces assistive and resistive: There are both the types of assistive and resistive forces for the implementation of the strategy change for elder patient fall in the hospitals. Assistive forces made the stakeholders to implement this policy change in the hospitals. Condition of the patient and family members, those affected more due to this fall, make hospital management to implement fall prevention strategy. As described earlier, injury may be an acute or long term, make patient and family members to request hospital management to implement this strategy in the hospitals. Due to implementation of this fall strategy, there is double burden on family members for the treatment of primary condition and cost due to injury after the fall of the patient. Earlier fall of the patients in the hospitals was not recorded. Now a day, these cases are published in the literature along with the seriousness about this particular issue. This makes hospitals to implement these strategies in the hospitals. Also, preventive strategie s to prevent these fall conditions in the elderly patients are available in the literature and positive outcome and success of the strategies make hospitals to implement these strategies in the hospitals. Along with these assistive strategies, there are also resistive strategies which prevent implementation of the fall prevention strategies in the hospitals. In hospitals there are different departments operating at the same time. It is difficult to maintain coordination with all the departments due to large number of patients inflow. Also lack of coordination between employees of different departments, prevent implementation of this elderly patient fall prevention strategy. Lack of adequate number of employees and funding is the resistive driving force for implementation of this strategy. Willingness of the top management is most important driving force for the implementation of this fall prevention strategy (Aberg, Lundin-Olsson, Rosendahl, 2009). Strategies used: Some of the innovative methods applied to change the policy of the hospital about the fall of the patient. Few of the strategies to prevent patient fall are discussed in this section. At the time of admission to the hospital, patients were screened for fall risk and these susceptible patients for fall risk were selected for the fall prevention strategy. One of the strategies is keeping the colored band on the hand of the fall risk patient, so that anybody can identify the patient as susceptible for the fall and assist the patient for routine work. Education to the family members of the patient to prevent the fall of the patient is very good and effective strategy to prevent fall of the patient. Because family members of the patient can accompany them all the time and fall can be prevented in an efficient way. Moreover, family members can convince the patient to avoid few acts which are prone to the fall. Hence, family members of the patient trained in the fall prevention strategy. An other effective strategy to prevent the fall of the patient is by mentioning fall risk factor in all the reports when shift of the hospital changes. By doing this, healthcare staff attending in the next shift can understand the condition of the patient in a better way and plan their work. To implement a quality strategy of the prevention of the fall of the patient, it is very much required to maintain a proper checklist and documentation. This checklist and documentation will help to prepare standardized procedure to implement fall prevention in the future. Also this documentation also helps to evaluate the regular efficiency of the strategy and amend accordingly to seek for the improvement. Most of the elderly patients are on the antipsychotic medication and these medicines are the major cause of fall of the elderly patients. Consumption of these medications was stopped for the patients with fall sick. Administration of the vitamin D, is one the strategy to prevent fracture in the patient with fall. This antipsychotic drugs withdrawal is one of the fall prevention strategies applied. Implementation of fall prevention strategy in terms of psychological trainings to the patient is the most important strategy for fall prevention. These psychological training include building confidence in the patient, avoiding patient from fear of fall and giving patients feeling of wellbeing. This wellbeing is very important for elderly patient because of memory loss and depression in older age. Patients with risk of fall are trained for exercise to increase physical strength which results in the resistance to fall. All the above description suggests that multifactorial strategy has been applied for fall prevention of the elderly patient. This multifactorial strategy includes both physical, psychological and medicine related strategy, also it include patient and healthcare team (Schwendimann et al, 2006; Vassallo et al, 2004). The type and quality of evidence applied: In general terminology evidence is used as experience to understand that particular matter. In health care evidence has broad meaning and includes proof, reasoning, observation and verification. In healthcare, importance of evidence is based on the historical data of the evidence available in the literature. In healthcare there are different types of evidence are present. These evidences are research based evidence, clinical experience based evidence, patients based evidence and local context and environment based evidence. This evidence of elderly fall patient is the overlap of the clinical experience and patient based evidence. In clinical based experience, both clinicians or practitioners and nurses learn from their practical knowledge and implement their experience to make that particular condition as evidence. Patient based evidence is based on the experience of the patient and their family members. These patient and family members experiences are very useful in implementing the best healthcare practices because the final aim of the healthcare professional ids to give relief and satisfaction to the patient and family members. Learning from the patient and family members experience helps health professionals to act in that direction and this whole procedure is more effective. Hence this evidence of patient fall, which is based on the clinical and patient experience, is valid evidence for evidence based healthcare management (Rycroft-Malone et al, 2004; Barker, 2000; McCaughan et al, 2001). Decision making process involved: Decision making for the implementation of the fall prevention strategy mainly based on the findings from the literature and opinion and discussion of all the stakeholders in this process (Dykes et al, 2010). Decision making process of the fall prevention strategy incorporated all the stakeholders of the healthcare like clinicians or practitioners, experts in hospital management, nurses, ward boy, and pharmacist. Patient and family members also included in the decision making process. For decision making clinician or practitioner critically appraised the evidence. This critical appraisal helps in understanding all the positive and negative aspects of the evidence. This critical appraisal and study of the evidence based healthcare enhances the confidence of the clinician and helpful in decision making. Scientific studies with large number patients are helpful in decision making for the clinicians. So studies with large number of patients were selected for the evidence and decision maki ng. Along with the evidence for the decision making, other factors also involved in the decision making. These factors are associated with resources. All the resources like equipments, availability of rooms, medicine and manpower to handle the additional activities due to implementation of the fall prevention strategy. In terms of manpower, competency of the manpower to handle the change and willingness to accept change was considered for decision making. Patient and family members also considered in decision making, as they have to stay in the hospital for a longer time in the hospital and bear more cost for treatment. Solutions offered: Other than the medical treatment other solutions offered to prevent this fall strategy. More attention was given to the patient safety. Hospital structure was changed to the patient centered. This hospital structure change is very much required because elderly patients are more comfortable with their known environment and due to age they are not ready to accept the change. To make elderly patients more comfortable with the hospital conditions, it is required to change the structure of the hospital. Patient fall risk assessment tool was implemented in the hospital and proper checklist maintained for the analysis of the patient. Training has been provided to the healthcare professionals to prevent the fall of the patient and regular assessment of the trained people has been done to understand their competency. This type of training is very much important because these trained people are very much effective in preventing these falls of the elderly patient. This risk assessment tool help s to separate patients of fall risk from the other patients. Patients with fall risk can be given special attention to prevent the fall. Height of the bed has been reduced for the patient at risk of fall because this is one of the prominent reasons for the fall of the patient during their day to day activities. Different types of accessories have been provided to the patients and trained them along with their family members for utilizing these accessories. These accessories help in giving support to the patient and also it protects the patient from serious injury, though patient fall (Shubert et al, 2014). Evidence based outcome: Implementation of the evidence based fall prevention strategy results in the number of positive outcomes for the patient. Implementation of the suitable exercise for the patients with the risk of fall, results in the less incidence of the fall. Psychological diseases are more common in the elderly patients, because these patients are on the chronic dosing of the antipsychotic drugs. Withdrawal of these antipsychotic drugs, results in the lesser incidence of fall in the elderly patients. Instead of practicing fall prevention programme on all the elderly patients, it was implemented to the targeted patients i.e. fall risk patients. Result of this targeted patient intervention results in a more efficient outcome as it reduces unnecessary burden on the healthcare team and cost to the hospital management. Working in the multidisciplinary team results in the more effective prevention strategy for the fall of the elderly patient. Multidisciplinary team has a more accurate diagnosis and trea tment of the said condition. Administration of vitamin D in the patient with risk of fall, results in less number of fractures and less severity fractures in the hospital. There are different strategies for the prevention of fall, like physical, counseling or training, psychological and medicine based. It has been observed that the combined effect of these strategies gives better results, i.e. multifactorial strategies are more effective as compared to the individual strategies. Implementation of this strategy results in the decreased fall rate in the hospital, recurrent fall and admissions to the hospital due to the fall (Healey et al, 2014). Impact on each stakeholder: There are different stakeholders involve like patient, family members, clinician or practitioner, nurses, wardboy, and pharmacist. Implementation of this strategy is very beneficial to the patients. This helps patients to be more positive about the fall. Patients neednt be worried much about their fall because most of the matters related to the fall are taken care by the other stakeholders from the family and healthcare profession. Family members also feel relaxed after the implementation of this strategy. Because family members neednt required to take the patient to the other hospital or other department after the fall of the patient. Also in terms of cost of the treatment also, there is a noteworthy reduction in the cost of treatment as all the segments of the treatment are happening at the same place. For the healthcare professional, there is so many tasks are there to perform after the implementation of the strategy. Also, there is lots of learning for the healthcare professional s in all this exercise. Clinicians and practitioners visited the patients frequently and attended the cases. There is double work load on clinicians. Nurses became more systematic and documentation became more standardized for the nurses. Nurses are completely occupied with their patients because their frequency of attending the patient has increased more than double to the patient. Wardboy has to lots of work for patients like adjusting the bed height to the low height, assisting patient for toilets, helping patients in changing cloths and providing patients with accessories for fall prevention. These are the extra tasks, wardboy has to perform. Pharmacist have to be very careful while dispensing medicine. Pharmacist should study all the medicines for the patient for adverse reactions and drug interactions among the provided medicines. Impact of change on the professional practices: There are noteworthy changes in the approach and thinking of so many stakeholders of the hospital. Top management generally thinks in the business oriented direction. However, in this change top management of the hospital accepted the change for the wellbeing of the patients and improving the healthcare qualities of the hospital. There are number of professional qualities has been developed in the existing staff due to implementation of this strategy. These qualities include leadership, ownership, team work, interdisciplinary access, commitment and discipline. There are lots of learning for every stakeholder in this process. Staff of the hospital is ready for the change, staff is working with certain goals and staff is excited about this change. Many standardized protocols have been introduced in the hospital for evaluation of risk factors for the fall of the patient and also procedures have been established for the treatment and prevention of the fall. These protocols and procedures are useful for the long time, also it increases the speed of the services at the hospitals due to set guidelines and there are very less chances of errors in implementing this strategy. Training programmes have been developed for the patient, family members and healthcare staff, to educate them about protocols and procedures. There is the improvement in creative thinking, deep rooted literature search, and strategic communications of the staff of the hospital. This overall exercise resulted in the quality of the services at the hospital. Impact upon health service management: With the implementation of this strategy there is linkage happened between healthcare professionals of the hospital, educationalist, policy makers in the medical field and top management of the hospital. Association of all these stakeholders makes the implementation of this change more valid and robust. All these stakeholders agreed that evidence is one of the important criteria to make necessary decisions to improve the health care services and manage the services more effectively. If we look at above mentioned discussion, mainly four topics plays a major role. These four topics are, critical thought process and interpretation, collecting most useful information, critical appraisal of the selected evidence and application of evidence in decision making. These four areas collectively are very effective in healthcare service management. It leads to the quality up gradation of the hospital and matching with the global health policy. There is overall improvement in the economics and bud geting of the hospital. This change in strategy for fall of the elderly patient gives complete justification to the functions of the healthcare management. These healthcare management functions include working in changed scenario, adopting new skills during change, effective planning, managing human resource and improving personal performance. Recommendations for using evidence to effect further changes: We can use basis of the evidence for further changes in both the terms i.e. screening for fall risk and intervention of the fall i.e. prevention of fall and treatment of injury due to fall. Recommendations for the screening include, compulsory screening of all the patients above a certain age, and standardized protocol for screening which is globally acceptable. Recommendation for intervention include, monitoring of medication for all elderly patients, compulsory administration of vitamin D, isolated and specialized room for the elderly patient in the hospital and establishment of compulsory accident or trauma unit in each hospital. References: Aberg, A.C., Lundin-Olsson, L., Rosendahl, E. (2009). Implementation of evidence-based prevention of falls in rehabilitation units: a staff's interactive approach. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 41(13), 1034-40. Barker, P. (2000). Reflections on caring as a virtue ethic within an evidence-based culture. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 37, 329336. Dykes, P. C., Carroll, D.L., Hurley, Ann., Lipsitz, S., et al. (2010). Fall prevention in acute care hospitals a randomized trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 304(17), 19121918. Evans, D., Hodgkinson, B., Lambert, L., Wood, J. (2001). Falls risk factors in the hospital setting: a systematic review. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 7(1), 3845. Healey, F., Lowe, D., Darowski, A., Windsor, J. et al. (2014). Falls prevention in hospitals and mental health units: an extended evaluation of the FallSafe quality improvement project. Age Ageing, 43(4), 484-91. Hitcho, E.B., Krauss, M.J., Birge, S., Claiborne, D.W., Fischer, I., et al. (2004). Characteristics and circumstances of falls in a hospital setting: a prospective analysis. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 19(7), 732-9. Inouye, S.K., Brown, C.J., Tinetti, M.E. (2009). Medicare nonpayment, hospital falls, and unintended consequences. New England Journal of Medicine, 360, 23. Kannus, P., Sievanen, H., Palvanen, M., Jarvinen, T., Parkkari, J. (2005). Prevention of falls and consequent injuries in elderly people.Lancet, 366(9500), 18851893. Krauss, M.J., Nguyen, S.L., Dunagan, W.C., Birge, S. et al. (2007). Circumstances of patient falls and injuries in 9 hospitals in a midwestern healthcare system. Infection Control Hospital Epidemiology, 28(5), 544-50. McCaughan, D., Thompson C., Cullum N., Sheldon T. Thompson D.R. (2001) Acute care nurses perceptions of barriers to using research information in clinical decision-making. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 39(1), 4660. Oliver, D., Healey, F., Haines, T.P. (2010). Preventing falls and fall-related injuries in hospitals. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, 26(4), 645-92. Rycroft-Malone, J., Seers, K., Titchen, A., Harvey, G., Kitson, A., McCormack, B. (2004). What counts as evidence in evidence-based practice? Journal of Advanced Nursing, 47(1), 81-90. Schwendimann, R., Buhler, H., De Geest, S., Milisen, K. (2006). Falls and consequent injuries in hospitalized patients: effects of an interdisciplinary falls prevention program. BMC Health Services Research, 6, 69. Shubert, T.E., Smith, M.L., Prizer, L.P., Ory, M.G. (2014). Complexities of fall prevention in clinical settings: a commentary. Gerontologist, 54(4), 550-8. Vassallo, M., Vignaraja, R., Sharma, J.C., Hallam, H. et al. (2004). The effect of changing practice on fall prevention in a rehabilitative hospital: the Hospital Injury Prevention Study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 52(3), 335-339. Tzeng, H.M., Yin, C.Y. (2008). Nurses' solutions to prevent inpatient falls in hospital patient rooms. Nursing Economics, 26(3), 179-87.

Plot To Steppenwolf Essays - Steppenwolf, Magic In Harry Potter

Plot To Steppenwolf THE PLOT of steppenwolf - Steppenwolf opens with a preface by a young businessman, who introduces a sheaf of notes left behind by a lodger in his attic rooms several years before. This young man, the landlady's nephew, describes the eccentric lodger, Harry Haller, who called himself a Steppenwolf, meaning in German a wolf of the steppes, or plains. The narrator finds this an odd but apt description of the shy, lonely wanderer who revealed little about himself but left a haunting memory. The preface recounts Harry's arrival and the narrator's several encounters with him- on the stairs, at a concert and an art lecture, and in a tavern. He has decided to publish Harry Haller's records although he can't say whether the experiences it relates were real or fictitious. Haller's records, subtitled For Madmen Only, begin with a walk in the dusk after a boring day. The walk takes Harry into an imaginary world by way of a flickering sign, an appearing and disappearing little door in a church wall, and a peddler with a placard advertising, Magic Theater- Entrance Not For Everybody. The peddler hands Harry a pamphlet and vanishes. in his room again, Harry examines the pamphlet. It is called Treatise on the Steppenwolf and is a second portrait of Harry, a psychological one this time. It analyzes Harry as inwardly half man and half wolf, two selves in constant conflict. It describes Harry's struggle to be himself, which has resulted only in greater loneliness. It explains to Harry the role of the Steppenwolves- the artists and intellectuals- in middle-class society, and the geniuses who break free and become Immortals. It tells Harry that his wolf is an oversimplification, that he has not two but hundreds of selves. Some day he may see himself in one of the Immortals' magic mirrors, or find in one of their magic theaters what he needs to free his soul. Finally the anonymous authors bid Harry good-bye and cheer him on his path toward becoming an Immortal. Harry, again in the first person, compares what the Treatise says of him with a poem he has written about the wolf. He finds them both true and unbearable. He recalls the successive crises in his life, the despair, and the new self-knowledge he has gained each time at the cost of increased loneliness. He will not go through this again. He will end it, commit suicide. But first, the Magic Theater. After nights of search he finds the peddler, who directs him to a seedy tavern. Here he meets the bar girl Hermine, who introduces him to the prostitute Maria and the jazz musician Pablo. With Hermine as guide, Harry learns to dance and to enjoy sex and the night life of the city. He joins the revelers at a masked ball. Pablo, as master of ceremonies, invites Harry into the Magic Theater. Here, in a series of dreamlike adventures, Harry fights a war against automobiles, makes love to all the women he has ever loved, commits an imaginary murder, and prepares to be executed. Instead, he is con demned to go on living. Pablo rebukes him for messing up his magic with reality. Harry acknowledges that he will go on trying to face his inner self, and perhaps learn to do better next time.

Empirical Formula Lab Report Essays

Empirical Formula Lab Report Essays Empirical Formula Lab Report Paper Empirical Formula Lab Report Paper The molecular formula represents the number of all elements in a compound. The empirical is the simplest whole number ratio of the elements in that compound. Combustion reactions always involve oxygen and are almost always exothermic. Exothermic reactions give off energy in heat form. The purpose of this experiment is to find the empirical formula of a compound using whole numbers. To investigate this experiment, the masses of the metal and gas were measured to obtain the empirical formula of the compound. PROCEDURE Before starting the experiment, the materials needed were gathered: crucible ND lid, Bunsen burner, denizen or distilled water, striker, magnesium ribbon, sandpaper (if needed), clay triangle, wire pad, crucible tongs, electronic scale, ring clamp, experiment stand, paper to record data. Two of each necessary material was gathered in order to conduct two trials at once. To prepare for the experiment, the ring clamp was attached to the stand at about 2/as the way up the stand. The crucible and lid were rinsed with water, dried, and then placed on a clay triangle. The Bunsen burner was hooked up to the gas line and the gas was turned on. The fire was started with the striker and the flame was adjusted o the height of the ring clamp. The crucible and lid were heated gently for 4-6 minutes until the bottom of the crucible became red. The flame was intensified and the crucible and lid were heated for another 10-12 minutes. The crucible and lid were allowed to cool on the wire pad. The mass of the cooled crucible and lid was recorded using the electronic scale. This procedure was repeated once more for each trial. In each trial, the ribbon was placed into the crucible and the lid was placed over it. The mass of the crucible, lid and magnesium was recorded. The crucible containing the magnesium was heated gently for 2-3 minutes. The heat was gradually intensified and heated for another 2-3 minutes. One side of the lid was lifted with the crucible tongs to allow the oxygen inside. The metal started glowing. The crucible, lid and compound were heated for another 3 minutes. The metal was checked periodically until no more glowing was observed. The crucible was then removed from heat and then cooled on the wire pad. 3 drops of denizen water was added to the cooled compound. The crucible was reheated with the lid partially off, allowing the water vapor to escape. The sample was heated slowly and then the heat was intensified for 15-17 minutes. The crucible, lid and compound were allowed to cool on the wire pad. The mass of the crucible, lid and compound was recorded. The sample was reheated for an extra 5 minutes, then the combined mass of the crucible, lid and metal oxide was measured. Some magnesium oxide escaped, when the crucible was not covered. The crucible had to be slightly ajar when heating up the magnesium, so that oxygen could get to the reaction. Without oxygen, a fire cannot exist. The shininess of the metal MGM turned to a dull appearance as it changed to MGM. As the magnesium reacted to the oxygen, it also reacted with the nitrogen in the air to form magnesium nitride, Among. To expel the nitrogen room the crucible, we added water to the mixture and heated it up. This would cause the Among, to react with the water, H2O, to form ammonia, NH, and magnesium hydroxide, MGM(OH)2. The NH was driven off during the heating. One sign of this reaction was the ammonia smell given off. This is because upon heating, the MGM(OH)2 would break into MGM and H2O, which would be driven off by the heat. The second reheating was so that any remnants of the of the crucible had been converted to MGM. This was also to have an accurate final mass of our product MGM. After the lab, the inside of the crucible was black. This s because the magnesium not only reacted with the oxygen and the nitrogen in the air but also with the porcelain of the crucible. The reason for waiting for the crucible to cool before weighing it was because at higher temperatures, the molecules inside are still active, causing the weight to be off. During Trial 2, the magnesium was not properly burned off and caused the calculations to be off. The magnesium looked as if it had stopped glowing, but the inside coil was not completely burned.

5 Paragraph Essay on Respect

5 Paragraph Essay on Respect 5 Paragraph Essay on Respect In every context, there are certain values that must be observed if peaceful co-existence is to be achieved. In today’s world, social interactions take place everywhere. In institutions of learning, for instance, students continually interact with each other, as well as their teachers and other staff. At home, interaction cannot be avoided, unless one lives alone. Similarly, in the workplace, managers place more emphasis on team work to facilitate the timely achievement of organizational objectives. Even the simplest form of interaction, which is the relationship between friends or spouses, calls for a strict observance of certain morals and values. These values range from honesty and co-operation to mutual respect. Although all of them are crucial to a successful interaction, it has become evident that respect is of paramount importance. The major reason why respect is core to a relational development is embedded in the fact that in every situation there is some sort of relational hierarchy, whether express or implied. In other words, at any given level of a relational environment, there has to be someone who is above the rest in terms of authority and responsibility. In employment, there has to be a supervisor or manager to whom everybody else is subordinate. Likewise, family units have a head, who conventionally is the man. In classrooms, the teacher is superior and commands the respect of his/her students. Equally, there are class heads or school captains who must be obeyed and respected by the other students. There is an old adage, that respect is earned. This statement is particularly common in marriages or romantic relationships. Marriage and relationship counselors often have to mediate between spouses who have quarreled or even fought. In this age of the independent woman, there is the contention that both husband and wife are equal in marriage. The wife will argue that since she, too, is contributing towards the fulfillment of family needs, she should have a voice on all matters. The same independence is behind the increasingly prevalent assertion that the husband should also take active roles in domestic chores. The typical man will term this as utter disrespect. Pursuant to the â€Å"respect is earned† theory, unnecessary family conflict will be avoided if both partners learn to respect each other. As the head, the husband ought to appreciate the effort his wife is making as a home-maker and a career woman. On the other hand, the wife should attempt to stick to the Biblical teaching of submitting to her husband. This way, the husband will feel respected. All in all, respect must be mutual. It is unrealistic and oppressive to expect submission if one treats others inhumanely. The give-and-take attitude holds true in this regard. Tips on five-paragraph essay writing: An essay on personal values such as respect must be approached with sincerity and a straightforward manner if it is to achieve its purpose of informing the reader. It is clear that all cultures emphasize the importance of respect. Nonetheless, one is easily swayed by one’s individual perception of who should respect whom, as influenced by one’s cultural background. In addition to this consideration, the essay should expressly aim to inform the audience that no one person is exempted from respecting others, regardless of his or her position or authority. Furthermore, if the essay is written in such a manner that it compares two people, it should implore both of them to respect each other. Perhaps you need a custom 5-paragraph essay written from scratch? Then you need to contact essay writing service now!

S6W1Dqs 1256 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

S6W1Dqs 1256 - Assignment Example In addition, due to participation of other players in such efforts, there is likely to be a fear on one side of negatively affecting the other hence long-term strategies may not be viable (Carlsnaes, Risse & Simmons, 2012). As a result, the nations have always held the belief that the uncertainty created by the stated factors may hinder the progress of their peace-keeping missions, for instance, and hence the need to have short term goals as the situation is being monitored. However, this might hinder their efforts of nation building in the affected countries because it is through long term and realistic goals that such efforts may be effective. There is need for a more unified approach in tackling this issue so that peacekeeping and nation building in the identified conflict zones are highly prioritized for long-term sustainability. A2. According to the author, ‘fungibility’ of force refers to the ability of a country’s military force to peacefully influence othe rs. This can be through the winning of battles with other military forces or through indirect influence to decisions that are bound to be made at international levels to their favor. According to him, this ability may have great benefits compared to forceful use of military power. There are two effects of this ability according to the writer (Art & Waltz, 2004). First, the military influence of a country has a ‘spill over’ effects that might influence policy making to its benefit. Secondly, having a strong military asset base and therefore superior force may be of great importance to a country in terms of conflict resolution. This is because the country’s bargaining power is enhanced because of its perceived power. Art &Waltz (2004) therefore have held that just like in the economic sense, currencies may have different values, military power can also be wielded in a peaceful way to enable nations achieve their aspirations. By using the analogy of flooding, they s tate that when military force is used in, say one battle, the other nations are likely to feel the effects of it by judging from the aftermath that may be characterized by destruction. Fungibility therefore is an important aspect that may determine a country’s effectiveness in handling conflict resolution. When nations look at their power in terms of fungibility instead of the number of enemies destroyed in battles, there is likely to be peace in conflict zones. This is because bloodshed that results in military operations spread a lot of animosity among the parties involved hence making it difficult for peacekeeping and reconciliation efforts. A3. The United States is an example of a nation that has been able to exert influence through its power assets across the globe. This is despite the observation by the writer in his ‘democratic peace theory’ framework that democratic powers are likely not to favor this position. By overcoming the challenges of the power ba lance doctrines, the United States has been able to survive this condition (Rosato, 2003). First, the US has a policy of forming a partnership with the other military powers. A good example is the Afghanistan war that it involved other countries like Britain. Even though the United States was the major power in the initiation of that war, the involvement of

Answer the Qs theology faith and seeking Assignment

Answer the Qs theology faith and seeking - Assignment Example The fact that it is a source, as is the scripture, also identify its support for the scripture to facilitate understanding. In my life, tradition offers a basis for understanding my environment and factors to it such as how to interact with different types of people. Believing that God created the universe might make a difference in a person’s life by creating the person’s allegiance to a faith and its requirements. The belief allows God’s influence on a person’s life as the person feels obligation to follow a religion’s rules. ethical conscience then develops to dictate the person’s life. The problem of evil fails to prove that God does not exist because it does not explain the role of humans in the presence and consequences of evil. God gave humans freedom of choice that creates evil. Explaining that humans do not exercise the freedom and God then failed to solve the problem would be the

Structure of proposal, summarise major components of research Essay Example for Free

Structure of proposal, summarise major components of research Essay The objective of this research is to assess the impact of food garden projects on the livelihoods of communities on household and community levels. Also, to assess the impact of the food garden initiatives, in the reduction of food insecurity and poverty. The objectives are also to describe and evaluate the impact of Government and various role players, assistance in the sustainability of the food garden projects in various regions. The study will be conducted in various regions in the Western Cape, where various departments and role players launched projects on world food day. In the year 2014 Suurbrak was the community identified by the Department of Agriculture the theme/aim for the year was Family Farming: Feeding the world, caring for the earth. In the year 2015 Pella was the community identified by various role players the theme for 2015 was â€Å"Social Protection and Agriculture: Breaking the cycle of rural poverty†. The year 2016 Graafwater was identified as the community and launched on World Food Day. Numerous people across the globe live in extreme poverty and are faced with food insecurity. Food insecurity is a major issue especially in rural communities, that rely directly on resources at their disposal. Safety Nets are usually an aid to sooth or assist in reducing food insecurity in rural communities, through Governmental projects implemented. In the Western Cape province, rural communities rely on support programmes form NGOs or Government projects to reduce food insecurity and to Sustain their Livelihoods. The Western Cape Province also experience elevated levels of food insecurity and malnutrition due to extreme poverty conditions that occur in rural communities. Key Words: Food insecurity, Food Security, Poverty reduction, Sustainable Livelihoods, Food garden initiatives, Title: Assessing Food garden initiatives/projects to alleviate food insecurity and assessing the impact of the projects on the Livelihoods of communities: A Case Study in the Western Cape Background to the Research: The numerous Food garden projects was launched by various role players to eliminate poverty and to increase food security. Problem Statement: Primary focus of the Research, Question format Problem Statement 1.1 The City of Cape Town, like any other cities in South Africa, faces high rates of poverty and inequality. Poverty remains a real and alarming problem. It is estimated that 22.1% of residents live in poverty. 1.2 Poverty is multi-dimensional and manifests in many ways. One of the key manifestations for people who are poor is a lack of access to basic services such as, food, water, electricity and sanitation which improves quality of life. Access to basic services significantly affects the lives of women and girls who are often tasked with household chores. Although, the 2011 Census reports that 87.28% of people living in Cape Town have access to piped water, 90.20% to a toilet facility, 93.98% to electricity and 94.94% to refuse removal services, challenges exist in providing quality services that are sufficient, efficient, affordable and appropriate to meet the needs of communities. 1.3 Poverty is both a cause and result of marginalisation. Many vulnerable groups such as women, children, the elderly and people with disabilities are overrepresented amongst the poor and they face a range of complex social, economic, cultural and physical barriers in getting out of poverty. 1.4 Food security is generally viewed as closely related to poverty. Research in Khayelitsha, Philippi and Ocean View1 indicated that four out of ten households in Cape Town’s poor areas go without food at least once a week because they cannot afford to buy it. Poverty disproportionately affects female-headed households and makes them especially vulnerable to food insecurity. 1.5 Poverty and food insecurity are linked to poor health and it also severely affects the healthy development of children. Food insecurity may result in malnutrition which has long-term physical and developmental effects. 1.6 The City of Cape Town is committed to addressing poverty and improving the quality of life of all people living in the city, particularity people who are poor, vulnerable or marginalised. The Social Development Strategy sets out how the City plans to do this. However, there is a need to articulate the interventions aimed at meeting the needs of the poor who may be helped through food garden initiatives amongst other interventions 1.7 The City needs to coordinate its efforts aimed at alleviating the plight of the most vulnerable with the work that is done at a national and provincial level. Provincial Government fund and implements a number of programmes aimed at addressing poverty through sustainable livelihood programmes or projects. There is a need to ensure that the work done by all spheres of government in the city is strategic and has the maximum impact. Key Research Questions Detailed Literature Review: Importance of the Research: Methodology: Timescale/ Research Planning: Hypothesis: List of Reference

Violence and Oppression in Wrights Black Boy :: Wright Black Boy Essays

Violence and Oppression in Wright's Black Boy "You are dead to me dead to christ!" In the following paragraphs, violence and oppression in Ch. 5 will discussed and analyzed through examination of Richard Wright's --author of Black Boy(1945)--use of diction, tone, and metaphors. Were people of his time to read this book it's probable that they would understand, wheather they agree with the author's point of view or not, the amount of violence and oppression witnessed by a boy his age. Richard Wright, through the the use of the words his senses produced, brought his past into light for the children of the future. He allows his readers to feel as he did under the light of strong persecution with the use of an intimidating, heartfelt tone. "The cosmic images of dread were gone and the external world became a reality, quivering daily before me. Instead of brooding and trying foolishly to pray, I could run and toam, mingle with the boys and girls, feel at home with people, share a little of life in common with others, satisfy my hunger to be and live." Wright fills the chapter with a calm and mesmorizing tone; like that of a preecher drawing his audience into a hymm. Omisdt violence, under anger and fear, Wright converses with the reader as though he were a youth leader telling a story to a group of boyscouts outside by a campfire. His spellbounding words chant the reader into his world and produce a map through which the reader follows his life in the shadows of others. " I mingled with the boys, hoping to pass unnoticed , but knowing that sooner or later I would be spotted for a newcomer. And trouble came quickly- a bloabk boy came bounding past me, thumping my hat to the ground and yelling." To keep his audience from dazily drifting into a state of semi-consiousness, Wright interjects into his prayer with action in an excited and staggering tone. "A blow landed on the back of my head. I turned and saw a brick rolling away and I felt blood oozing down my back. I looked around and saw several brickbats scattered about.

City of Kelsey

City of Kelsey In the city of Kelsey there are a variety of people that live here. We are an enormous community with doctors, farmers, bankers, right down to your everyday blue collar workers and many more. The residents in the community have many different jobs. We have people that work the farms, teach our children, work the mills and those that are here to serve and protect us such as the police officers, firefighters and ambulance personnel essay writer vancouver.The community offers up a variety of opportunities for our members to gather together and socialize such the local fairs, where there are many chances for the members of the community to socialize and fellowship. The local mall also offers up a wide array of terrific shops and plenty of activities for community members to join in and have fun. The city has a nice blend of many different cultures and ethnicity which allows people of a race or culture to feel comfortable within.Each member of the community participates by helping and giving back to the community by volunteering their time, monies or resources that they have available. It is not a must that each member is required to give back, because as we all know there are always those that are less fortunate than others or perhaps could be struggling. The community members are to pull resources together to lend a helping hand where needed to those that need it. As a socially responsible community member I am compassionate and caring and respect my neighbors.I do my part to lend a helping hand whether it is acknowledged or not. I do my best to volunteer when I can, donate money or resources for a cause and actively work hard at being a good person. I take the time out of my life to make time for someone else or to give back to those that have done so much for the community. My family and friends are a top priority in my life, so I take the time to welcome new faces in the neighborhood, as well as keeping in touch with and caring for those that hav e lived in the community for years.

Target, Positioning, and Marketing Mix at Bmw

Target, Positioning, and Marketing Mix at BMW BMW is one of the world’s largest luxury car companies and it is easy to understand why. Not only does this premium auto brand have a high resale value, but strong brand loyalty and an even bigger profit margin than mass-produced cars (Holloway, 2002). This in turn enables the premium maker to spend more on research and development into the minds of its target market to make better, more advanced cars with a powerful brand image. BMW is a German automobile, motorcycle and engine manufacturing company, which owns and produces the Mini brand, and is the parent company of Rolls-Royce Motor Cars. BMW is well known for its sporty, yet sophisticated image which has been built up since the 1970’s with many motor sports victories, and its BMW Group’s worldwide mission statement, â€Å"To be the most successful premium manufacturer in the industry† (http://www. bmwgroup. com). The majority of BMW’s success is attributed to the development of a consistent marketing policy, the ‘market niche’ strategy. The company has built is brand on four core values, which are technology, quality, performance, and exclusivity, whereas BMW has traditionally positioned its brand to be perceived as the leader in performance (Arnold, n. d. ). In fact, the BMW group and all BMW models are all about performance on the road and inside the plant in which they are manufactured. The fundamental core benefits for BMW customers are reliability, durability, and style. People who buy BMW are also paying for the engineering and quality, not for breakdowns (Arnold, n. d. . Buyers normally expect certain qualities in their cars when they purchase at BMW. Brand associations of German luxury brands like BMW include powerful, high-quality, fast, pricy, luxurious, classy, and sleek (Holloway, 2002). BMW owners usually purchase because they know they can rely on its solid background of high-quality vehicles, and superior performance, but they also know they are getting a vehicle that looks sporty, classy, and expensi ve at the same time. Technology plays a huge role in the difference between BMW and its competitors. BMW has combined its superior quality product with that of technology to enhance BMW service experience for its customers. In fact, research by Wanke, Bohner, and Jurkowitsch, (1997) suggest that BMW’s Augmented Reality has created the bridge and extends the real world by adding virtual information to assist BMW Service staff in their highly demanding technical work. Using augmented reality, a BMW mechanic receives additional three-dimensional information on the engine he/she is repairing. For example, augmented reality can be used to help in diagnosing and solving the fault in and engine (Horatiu, 2009). Apart from the real environment, technicians can see virtually animated components, the tools to be used and hear instruction on each of the working steps through headphones integrated inside the goggles (Horatiu, 2009). Next stands the exclusivity of BMW’s potential product and the ideas’ genesis come up with. BMW now makes cars using resources that would otherwise be wasted by putting them to good use. For instance, the Landfill Gas-to-Energy Project at BMW used to reduce its reliance on natural gas and better utilizes the previously untapped methane, which is a byproduct of decomposing trash and can have harmful effects on air quality. By turning this methane into energy, the plant has reduced carbon dioxide emissions equivalent to removing 61,000 automobiles from the U. S highways each year (Arnold, n. d. ). Today, 63 percent of the plant’s total energy is derived from landfill gas (Arnold, n. d. ). Not only that, this project has three core benefits, it reduces the amount of harmful greenhouse gases released into the air, allows BMW to use a wasted energy source by transforming the methane gas produced from the nearby Palmetto Landfill into electricity to heat for the plant, and it saves a lot of money for the company as a whole (Arnold, n. . ). BMW is now the first auto company in the world to use green energy to fuel its painting facility. Furthermore, since its inception, the project has been expanded to utilize landfill gas to fuel 23 oven burners in the paint shops at BMW and supply indirect heat to these areas (Arnold, n. d. ). In addition, marketers have classified BMW products as specialty goods be cause they have a unique characteristic or brand identification for which a sufficient number of buyers are willing to make a special purchasing effort (Kotler & Keller, 2009). Consumers who purchase BMW’s are willing to go to great lengths and travel afar to buy one. In fact, BMW is a product that stands above the rest requiring very little if any comparison to other brands as buyers already know exactly what they are looking for when in search of this particular type of vehicle (Holloway, 2002). Thus consumers that purchase BMW’s are investment buyers and often have upscale purchasing habits. And it is this reason that BMW, unlike many other marketers, has stopped emphasizing demographics such as targeting customers based on age and income, and tarted targeting based on mind-set and lifestyle. BMW marketers understand that their customers are concerned about status, and so this is what they focus their attention on. When advertising BMW marketers have focused on the specifics of the BWM and emphasis are often placed on the fact that BMW is continuously managing its cars performance quality through time, and research (Boudette, 2005). It cons istently strives to improve its products and for years has produced high returns and market shares for this very reason. Ideally, BMW’s positioning has been maintained over such a long period of time because the company possesses and develops an incredible competitive advantage. In terms of price, BMW’s mid-range vehicles start around $29,400 up to the most prestigious and luxurious vehicles priced around $130,000 (Boudette, 2005). Additionally, every new BMW is covered by a limited warranty for defects in materials or workmanship for the first four years or 50,000 miles, whichever comes first. BMW also offers a rust protection program for 2006 and newer models, which provides a 12-year limited rust perforation protection without mileage limitations (http://www. bmwgroup. com). Additional accessories and services offered by BMW include iDrive, Real Time Traffic Information, BMW Roadside Assistance, and BMW assist all the more reasons why consumers choose BMW. iDrive links BMW vehicles’ with communications, navigation and entertainment functions allowing owners to make calls, listen to music, plot routes and find places to stop along the way, with just one controller all at the same time. Real Time Traffic takes owners down shorter and faster routes, preventing them from getting stuck in traffic. It identifies traffic accidents and delays in real time and continuously updates the service 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, while smaller markets report only during normal commuting hours (http://www. bmwgroup. com). BMW Roadside Assistance is a feature most BMW owners find comforting because if they are traveling and get a flat, run out of gas, or need a tow BMW will send someone out immediately to assist no matter where the customer is located. BMW owners are covered in all 50 states, in Canada and Puerto Rico, even if someone else is driving the vehicle. These services are offered 24 hours, 365 days a year, at no additional cost, and without any mileage restrictions (http://www. bmwgroup. com). BMW assist, on the other hand, works as a sense of security, and is there for BMW customer’s safety. It is a convenient service that adds peace of mind for BMW owners, and is suitably equipped in 2007 and later models. BMW assist is part of the Ultimate Service at BMW, and is included at no additional cost for up to 4 years. This service connects owners to a response specialist that can help with almost everything, from an emergency situation to directions and traffic information by just a push of a button (http://www. bmwgroup. com). At BMW distribution is about the use of consistent standards of quality, safety, and processes at all locations. They guarantee worldwide premium products made by BMW Group as well as the careful use of resources being the guiding principle behind all production and planning. Its living structure is what enables it to react flexibly to customer demands and market requirements and conditions throughout the world (Ludwig, n. ). This is why they have such flexibility in models, as well as their ability to build additional numbers of certain models in other plants, if necessary. BMW gives its consumers exactly what they want building models with options customized to fit the individual consumer (Ludwig, n. d). As a result, the company’s dealerships keep very few cars on the lot. Instead, BMW offers intimate showrooms where customers can view cars and place orders with individual custom options that they select (Ludwig, n. d). After the car has been selected and the customer has chosen their individual custom features, BMW directs its manufacturing plant to produce the car and deliver it within a matter of days. Logistically speaking, when it comes to BMW and the channel of information, it means using CRM to strengthen communications with its dealers and make it as easy as possible for potential customers to get all the buyer information they need (Ludwig, n. d). BMW group also uses e-commerce strategies as a means to explore the market for effective business. The group introduced an ordering system in 1998 which gives dealers the option of showing customers their desired car on the screen and confirming the delivery date on the spot. Through the use of this system, the time frame when the vehicle can be built with the desired fitting is configured within a few seconds and is reserved in the production process immediately (Ludwig, n. d). Furthermore, the manufacturing logistics department at BMW has such outstanding internal processes to such a level that when changes accord due to customers’ wishes regarding issues as omplicated as engine capacity to something as small as the color of the upholstery it can be immediately communicated, and in most cases resolved prior to shipment of the vehicle. Moreover, the company has adopted a consistent advertising strategy. In addition to the message of its values being portrayed in advertising campaigns, the company explicitly expresses one or more of these values in all BMW advertisements (J ones, 2010). Its design philosophy also runs through every BMW advertisement communicated through TV and print ads. Its brand imaged has been built up by using over 300 different types of color press advertisements, as well as 64 different types of television commercials (Jones, 2010). BMW ads are always consistent and focus on the substance of the cars themselves. However, it is important to point out that BMW also relies on its sensitivity to the environment, which is clearly seen by how the company’s advertisements evolved in response to economic, environmental and competitive changes. In addition, since the competition started to imitate BMW’s adverting messages of outstanding quality, BMW decided to come up with a more unique way to reach its target audience. The company did so by hiring Fallon Worldwide, an advertisement agency, to come up with new campaigns. Now BMW uses guerilla public relations campaigning as a means to drive sales. Its diverse promotion tactics include seeding news of the BMW Films at key Internet entertainment rumor sites and radio DJ programs in 20 key metro markets, and BMW manufacturers use web mostly to drive its brand (Jones, 2010). In fact, BMW takes the phrase â€Å"beyond the banner† seriously. In its ads for the BMW Compact, the car drives out of the banner ad and around the sides of the browser window, to show how it loves corners. BMW’s online strategy in the UK is highly-brand drive, with clickthrough considered to be a side benefit (Jones, 2010). Not only that, BMW uses traditional banner ads, with pull-down menus, Superstitials, transitional ads which appear between pages, sponsorship and dynamic html ads like the one mentioned previously to promote its brand message and to drive the benefit of ownership in terms of the driving experience (Jones, 2010). Superstitials are highly interactive, non-banner ads that can be any size on the computer screen and up to 100k in file size. They can feature animation, sound graphics capable of effectively conveying integrated advertising messages while protecting its Web site’s performance (Jones, 2010). BMW utilizes this form of advertisement to achieve multiple goals, including branding, direct marketing, commerce and entertainment. In conclusion, as a worldwide organization, BMW Group has a long and established heritage of manufacturing premium products and holding true to its four core values of technology, quality, performance, and exclusivity. Today, BMW is one of the most respected companies and recognizable brands in the world. This is due to the fact that the BMW Group continues its leading position in the premium segments of the domestic and international automobile markets. The BMW Group has long pursued the objective of continuously and permanently increasing its company value and has done so by playing an active role in both shaping internal economic success factors as well as corporate citizenship in society as a means to gain and retain loyal customers. References Arnold, P. V. (n. d. ). BMW: The ultimate reliability machine. Retrieved March 2, 2011, from http://www. reliableplant. com/Read/5197/bmw-reliability Boudette, N. E. (2005). BMW’s Push to Broaden Line Hits Some Bumps in the Road. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved March 3, 2011, from http://www. bimmerfest. com/forums/showthread. php? t=83762 Holloway, N. (2002). The best-driven brand. Forbes. com Inc. Retrieved March 01, 2011, from http://www. forbes. com/global/2002/0722/024. html Horatiu, B. (2009). BMW Augmented Reality. BMWBLOG News. Retrieved March 02, 2011, from http://www. bmwblog. com/2009/09/03/bmw-augmented-reality/ Jones, J. (2010). Driving Success Digitally. Response, 19(1) 30-35. Retrieved March 7, 2011, from EBSCOhost Direct database. Kotler, P. , & Keller, K. L. (2009). Marketing Management. Upper Saddle River, NJ:Prentice Hall. Ludwig, C. (n. d). Standing atop the Welt of BMW’s vehicle distribution. Automotive Logistics. Retrieved March 5, 2011, from EBSCOhost Direct database. Wanke, M. , Bohner, G. , & Jurkowitsch, A. (1997). There Are Many Reasons to Drive a BMW: Does Imagined Ease of Argument Generation Influence Attitudes? Journal of Consumer Research, 24(2) 170-177. Retrieved March 6, 2011, from EBSCOhost Direct database.

Fickle French Adjectives - Adjectifs qui changent de sens

Fickle French Adjectives - Adjectifs qui changent de sens Most French adjectives must be placed after the noun they modify, except for the BAGS exceptions (learn more). There are also a number of French adjectives which have different meanings depending on where they are placed. Generally speaking, when the adjective precedes the noun, it has a figurative or subjective meaning, whereas the adjective which follows the noun has a literal or objective meaning.Here are the most common fickle French adjectives. Fickle French Adjectives ancienFigurative or subjective meaningmon ancienne à ©cole - my old (former) schoolun ancien chà ¢teau - an old chà ¢teau (now a hotel)Literal or objective meaningmon à ©cole ancienne - my old (aged) schoolun chà ¢teau ancien - an ancient chà ¢teau bonFigurative or subjective meaningune bonne rà ©putation - a good reputationLiteral or objective meaningun homme bon - a good (charitable) man braveFigurative or subjective meaningun brave homme - a good (decent) manLiteral or objective meaningun homme brave - a brave man certain Figurative or subjective meaningun certain regard - a certain (type of) lookun certain à ¢ge - old age (euphemism)Literal or objective meaningune victoire certaine - a certain (assured) victoryun à ¢ge certain - old age (rude)Word play: Certain à ¢ge et à ¢ge certain cherFigurative or subjective meaningun cher ami - a dear friendLiteral or objective meaningun pull cher - an expensive sweater chicFigurative or subjective meaningune chic fille - a nice, decent girlLiteral or objective meaningune fille chic - a classy girl curieuxFigurative or subjective meaningun curieux homme - a curious (strange) manLiteral or objective meaningun homme curieux - a curious (nosy) man dernierFigurative or subjective meaningla dernià ¨re semaine - the last week (of the year)Literal or objective meaningla semaine dernià ¨re - last week (the one before this one) diffà ©rentFigurative or subjective meaningdiffà ©rentes idà ©es - various ideasLiteral or objective meaningune idà ©e diffà ©rente - different idea diversFigurative or subjective meaningdivers à ©tudiants - various, several studentsLiteral or objective meaningdes à ©tudiants divers - varied, diverse students douxFigurative or subjective meaningune douce musique* - sweet musicun doux parfum* - sweet perfumeLiteral or objective meaningla moutarde douce - sweet mustard  Ã‚  Ã‚  la peau douce - soft skin drà ´leFigurative or subjective meaningun drà ´le didà ©e - strange ideaLiteral or objective meaningune histoire drà ´le - funny story faibleFigurative or subjective meaningune faible chance - weak, poor, slight chanceLiteral or objective meaningun homme faible - a weak man fameuxFigurative or subjective meaningun fameux problà ¨me - a heck of a problemLiteral or objective meaningun vin fameux - first-rate wine francFigurative or subjective meaningun franc imbà ©cile - total idiotLiteral or objective meaningune diffà ©rence franche - clear difference grandFigurative or subjective meaningun grand homme - a great manLiteral or objective meaningun homme grand - a tall man grosFigurative or subjective meaningun gros problà ¨me - big problemLiteral or objective meaningun homme gros - fat man honnà ªteFigurative or subjective meaningun honnà ªte homme** - a gentlemanLiteral or objective meaningun homme honnà ªte - an honest man jeuneFigurative or subjective meaningune jeune femme - a young womanLiteral or objective meaningune femme jeune - youthful woman *For this meaning, the adjective can precede or follow the noun **Somewhat archaic maigreFigurative or subjective meaningun maigre repas - skimpy, meager mealLiteral or objective meaningun garà §on maigre - skinny boy mà ©chantFigurative or subjective meaningun mà ©chant cigare - great big cigarLiteral or objective meaningun homme mà ©chant - mean (cruel) man mà ªmeFigurative or subjective meaningle mà ªme jour - the same dayLiteral or objective meaningle jour mà ªme - the very day modesteFigurative or subjective meaningun modeste repas - small, simple mealLiteral or objective meaningun homme modeste - modest, humble man nobleFigurative or subjective meaningnobles aspirations - noble, worthy aspirationsLiteral or objective meaningune femme noble - imposing, respected woman nouveauFigurative or subjective meaningun nouveau produit - a new, alternative productLiteral or objective meaningun produit nouveau - a new, original product pauvreFigurative or subjective meaningun pauvre homme - a poor (pitiful) manLiteral or objective meaningun homme pauvre - a poor (penniless) man platFigurative or subjective meaningune plate excuse - a humble excuseLiteral or objective meaningun pays plat - a flat country premierFigurative or subjective meaningle premier problà ¨me - first problemLiteral or objective meaningle problà ¨me premier - fundamental, basic problem prochainFigurative or subjective meaningla prochaine semaine - the following weekLiteral or objective meaningla semaine prochaine - next week propreFigurative or subjective meaningma propre chambre - my own bedroomLiteral or objective meaningune chambre propre - a clean bedroom pureFigurative or subjective meaningla pure imagination - pure, total imaginationLiteral or objective meaningleau pure - pure water rareFigurative or subjective meaningdune rare beautà © - exceptionally beautifulLiteral or objective meaningun oiseau rare - rare bird rudeFigurative or subjective meaningune rude tà ¢che - difficult taskLiteral or objective meaningune barbe rude - rough beard sacrà ©Figurative or subjective meaningun sacrà © menteur - a damn liarLiteral or objective meaningun objet sacrà © - a sacred object saleFigurative or subjective meaningune sale ville - a nasty townLiteral or objective meaningune ville sale - a dirty town seulFigurative or subjective meaningla seule fille - the one/single/only girlLiteral or objective meaningune fille seule - lonely girl, a girl who is alone simpleFigurative or subjective meaningun simple homme - a mere (plain, ordinary) manLiteral or objective meaningun homme simple - a modest, honest man tristeFigurative or subjective meaningun triste individu - a sad (mean, bad) personLiteral or objective meaningun individu triste - a sad (crying) person uniqueFigurative or subjective meaningun unique fils - an only sonLiteral or objective meaningun fils unique - only child (who is a boy) và ©ritableFigurative or subjective meaningun và ©ritable problà ¨me - serious problemLiteral or objective meaningun problà ¨me và ©ritable - genuine (not fake) problem vertFigurative or subjective meaningmes vertes annà ©es - my green (fruitful) yearsLiteral or objective meaninglà ©gumes verts - green vegetables vilainFigurative or subjective meaningvilains mots - bad wordsLiteral or objective meaningun garà §on vilain - ugly or naughty child vraiFigurative or subjective meaningun vrai ami - a real, true friendLiteral or objective meaningune histoire vraie - true story

5 Digital Publishing Questions for Seth Godin

5 Digital Publishing Questions for Seth Godin 5 Digital Publishing Questions for Seth Godin Today we interview Seth Godin,  American author, entrepreneur, marketer and public speaker. The amazing thing about Seth is that he uses all these skills for his publishing efforts. And some of his ideas for (digital) publishing are so great that we were bound to interview him. Let’s talk about the connection economy.Hi Seth! I was listening to your Ted Talk â€Å"This is broken† from 2006. What’s really broken in the publishing industry today? Discoverability? DRMs? Royalty-share model? Big 5 publishers?The problem is buried in plain sight, but once you see it, it becomes obvious: the entire model of book publishing (advances, returns, publicity, curation, DRM, all of it) is based on the idea that the customer is the bookstore.The bookstore with limited shelf space, the one that demands returns, the one that needs long lead times.Simple proof: every big publisher spends 20 times as much money and manpower on bookstores than they do dealing with readers.When bo okstores go away, then what? Hint: Amazon is not the new customer.Apart from Reedsy, what other innovations in the publishing space do you find interesting?I think the only innovation that’s worth paying attention to is the redefinition of what it even means to be a book publisher. What’s a book? What’s publishing? Who is the customer? What’s the new asset?In a connection economy, do publishers sell or profit from or enable connection? If we don’t, we’re done.You said that â€Å"Publishing is the act of taking a financial risk to curate some content and bring it to a group of people who didn’t know it existed†. How do you think self-published content should be curated?Readers of my book and my blog trust me to curate what I recommend. I’m not sure readers trust Amazon to curate the Kindle, or even Knopf to curate the books they see–because they’re just so much junk and so much noise, they don’t even know the labels, so there is no trust.Trust, of course, is the essence of the connection economy, and it’s way more powerful and far-reaching than brand or shelf space.So, I think the successful self-published author builds connection and thus trust by consistently delivering just a little more than what’s expected.What do you read? Where do you find inspiration?I read tons and tons of books about ‘business’ in quotes, but find less and less to like over the years. I read a lot of cultural history–from Guns, Germs and Steel to the brand new ‘Debt’. I love hard science fiction and read it often. I read a lot of Pema Chodron and Susan Piver and Steve Pinker and Dan Dennett and others that think about thinking. I try to find funny books, Sedaris, etc, but they’re so rare†¦No literary fiction for me. Not smart enough.You’re employing a new marketing strategy for your book, Your Turn. You send additional copies of the book to everyone who orders even a single copy because you want people to share it; can you speak about the marketing theory and your intentions behind this rather cutting-edge approach? And speaking of cutting-edge marketing, can you give some advice to newcomers to the indie marketplace who might be lacking in creativity when it comes to selling their books?Your Turn has been a great success, both creatively and commercially†¦ we’re closing in on 60,000 copies sold direct, in paper only. That’s pretty amazing for a self-published one-man show in 140 days or so.People want to share books, but you need to make it easy!As for advice, I am ready for your question:  my best advice  can be found here  and here. Remember:â€Å"Writing a book is a tremendous experience. It pays off intellectually. It clarifies your thinking. It builds credibility. It is a living engine of marketing and idea spreading, working every day to deliver your message with authority. You shou ld write one.†And regarding Kickstarter: â€Å"Kickstarter campaigns fail when the tribe of people who believe in the idea is too small†.Follow Seth and Reedsy on Twitter.Liked this interview? PLEASE give us a â€Å"recommend† on Medium where it was among the top 10 most voted stories. Seeing it celebrated is our biggest reward for producing good content.

Hobbes commonwealth Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hobbes commonwealth - Assignment Example Living in the state of nature is hugely brutish, nasty and short as compared to the human life under the modern government system. Hobbes describes of the commonwealth as a multitude of people admit giving power to a sovereign authority that is established under absolute power over them all (Thomas, 45). According to (Thomas, 30), the authority is aimed at the purpose of availing peace and subsequent common defense that benefits them equally. The social contract is normally referred to as the covenant. The social contract entails surrendering of some rights especially the natural rights by moving them to another person. The move, however, emanates from the basic understanding of the fact that everyone stops exercising certain power with the essence of the coming up with a common move. The contract helps in creating a deliberate conducive environment for everyone with unity and trust under such systems. The social contract only leaves certain notable powers to the people with huge understanding that the people are content to have that power above them. In order to emphasize his point, Hobbes invites the people to understand what life would be in the absence of the commonwealth or the absence of the government. While some people think that it would be good, that may not be the case. A person would possibly act as the prosecutor, judge and executioner in any case involving him especially when dispute arose. Hobbes provides the baseline for the best indicator n that a person can judge the justifiability of various political alignments. The comprehension is hugely considerable as â€Å"the state of mere nature†. The state shows a perfectly very private judgment under which there is typically huge no agency with any eminently recognized authority assigned the role of to arbitrating disputes (Thomas, 210). In conclusion, I agree with Hobbes on his regards for the shift from state of nature to the commonwealth. It notable that all civilizations world have

Latino dropouts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Latino dropouts - Essay Example In 2000, about 530,000 Hispanic 16- 19 year olds were classified as dropouts, a percentage of 21.1. However, many of these were recently arrived immigrants who had not been in the US education system. So the actual figure for drop out of the US schools is about 15%. In 2000 the Latino dropout rate was three times greater than for non-Hispanic whites. The percentage of Latinos completing higher education has also consistently lagged behind whites and African Americans. It is also important to consider that the rate of dropouts could change at any time since some students presently enrolled in high schools can drop out at any time, and some drop outs could obtain their GED at any time in the future. Several factors have been suggested to explain the high rate of dropouts. The major factor has been the language, but Adam (2003)2 describes how researcher Saenz breaks down the factors into â€Å"individual factors, family-related factors and the structural level†. The individual factors have to do with the student’s own academic expectations and performance, peer pressure, generational status and acculturation. But one big effect comes from lifestyle where they are forced to become adults too early in life either through early pregnancy or having to help with looking after younger siblings. The strongest family factor seems to be the socioeconomic status of the family since having the resources to navigate the system makes a difference to the success of the students. The economic context in which the students and the school reside can place a strain on the family to keep up. Also the connection between the family, school and culture is important. The language plays a big part in this connection. Other school practices such as tracking, grade retention and unequal treatment of minority students all are common causes of dropout. Jones and Bou-Waked (2007)3 add to the discussion of the part that language plays in the dropout crisis. They noted that about

Socrates Wisdom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Socrates Wisdom - Essay Example starts his main argument in the trial by saying that his wisdom is only â€Å"human wisdom† and that he is willing to admit that there is â€Å"a good chance† he has that kind of wisdom (p.3 [20e]). He compares this to the kind of wisdom that is â€Å"more than human,† by which he means that of the god of Delphi (p.3 [20e]). This is because the oracle told Chairephon that â€Å"there was no man wiser† than Socrates (p.3 [21a]). Socrates talks about his distress at hearing this, and explains that he went to ask a bunch of different people about their knowledge, â€Å"hoping to refute the oracle there if anywhere, and reply to† it with proof (p.4 [21c]). He then runs through some of the encounters he had with people he talked to. He starts with a politician who was supposedly wise but â€Å"it seemed to me that while this man was considered to be wise both by many other people and especially by himself, he was not.† (p.4 [21e]). When Socrates tries to explain this, he becomes hated. After he had gone through all the politicians with similar results, he tries the poets. The poets come off a little better, for although they are not wise enough to explain their own poetry, but that they â€Å"are possessed, like the seers and fortune-tellers, who also say many fine things but know nothing about what theyre saying.† (p.4 [22c]). On the other hand, they think themselves wise just like the politicians do. The last set of people he talks to are the artisans. He finds that although they do know many things, they have the same problem as poets, and â€Å"Because each of them performed his craft well, he considered himself to b e most wise about the greatest things† (p.5 [22d]). Socrates is quick to point out that his disproving of these other people’s wisdom does not make him think he is wise himself. He still maintains that knowing he does know nothing makes him both wise and unwise. Because he is self-aware, he knows â€Å"that he is actually worthless with respect to

Methods Used to Study the Brain Essay Example for Free

Methods Used to Study the Brain Essay A variety of procedures are used by psychologists to study the functions of different areas of the brain. Some of them are very old methods and outdated; some of them are most recent in origin and frequently used by modern investigators. The methods help us to study the localization of the functional areas of the brain. One of these methods is the stimulation method. A specific part of the brain may be stimulated either by electric current or by chemicals. Through electrical stimulation, we can only stimulate the desired part of the brain. But by chemical methods, we can stimulate or defunct a particular part of the brain for a fixed period of time and observe their effects on behavior. Another method is the Electrical Recording or Action Potential Method.The rhythmical electrical discharges of the brain are recorded by an instrument called electroencephalogram (EEG). The EEG can detect minute electrical activities of the brain cells during sleep, arousal and activity. The brain parts having greatest electrical activity can be linked with behaviors and sensations of the body. This will tell how the body surfaces are represented in the brain. The Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) is a newer method in which thousands of separate X-rays are taken at slightly different angles, and the computer constructs an image of the structures of the brain by combining these X-rays. It is very useful for showing abnormalities in the structure of the brain such as swelling and enlargement of certain parts. But it does not provide information about brain activity. Another method is Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). It produces a strong magnetic field in which the persons head is positioned. The radio waves directed at the brain cause the hydrogen atoms to emit signals, which are analyzed by a computer. The details of the MRI are superior to CAT scan, because it can distinguish between closely related brain structures. Due to its importance, you might think the brain would be a little more forthcoming about its design and function. Fortunately, the human brain also provides us with the remarkable ability and ingenuity to study the human brain, a skill in which brains of other life forms decidedly come up short. The study of the brain has yielded remarkable findings, and advances in brain research have created a better understanding of the way we function and life itself.